Tracking down the root of an unmet expectation is even trickier when you can’t see what the expectation is being compared to… one great resource I’ve been using as-of-late is cucumber_rails_debug. Here’s the readme, in all of its complexity: Usage: Add: require ‘ruby-debug’ require ‘cucumber_rails_debug/steps’ To features/support/env.rb Then use: Then debug # opens the debugger [...]